Otarov A.I, Kayumov F.G, Tretyakova R.F, Natyrov A.K.

DOI: 10.33284/2658-3135-103-3-127

UDC 636.082:636.088.31(470.64)

Improving meat productivity of Kalmyk and Red Steppe Breeds by crossing with Black

Aberdeen Angus in the foothill and mountainous zones of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic

Amash I Otarov1, Foat G Kayumov², Ruziya F Tretyakova2, Arkady K Natyrov3

1Kabardino-Balkar Scientific Center Russian Academy of Sciences (Nalchik, Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Russia)

2Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agricultural Technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Orenburg, Russia)

3Kalmyk State University named after Gorodovikov BB (Elista, Republic of Kalmykia, Russia)

Summary. The article presents an analysis of meat productivity formation of Black Aberdeen Angus crosses and 1st generation of  the Kalmyk and Red Steppe cows in a comparative aspect with purebred Kalmyk bulls in the conditions of the breeding enterprise LLC "Malka" of Zolsk region of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic (KBR).

During intensive fattening of crossbred Aberdeen Angus × Kalmyk, Angus × Red-steppe bulls and analogs of the Kalmyk breed, they were assessed by the increase in live weight, carcass weight, carcass yield, internal raw fat weight, slaughter weight and slaughter yield. The quality of meat was determined by the content of tryptophan, hydroxyproline, tenderness, moisture capacity, and pH.

According to the results of the control slaughter of experimental bulls, it was found that pre-slaughter live weight of bulls of group I had a significant superiority over bulls of groups II and III by 16.9 kg and 23.8 kg. In terms of carcass yield, group I bulls had an advantage over analogs of groups II and III by 1.9% and 2.3%; in terms of the yield of internal raw fat, animals of group II were lower by 0.5 kg than their peers in groups I and III. Slaughter weight and yield in group I were higher than in groups II and III by 21.0-25.8 kg and 2.5-2.7%, respectively.

Studying chemical composition of the average sample of carcass pulp, it was found that the content of hydroxyproline in young animals of group I was less than that of analogs in groups II and III by 4.5 and 0.1 mg%. The moisture capacity of meat was higher in the bulls of the II and III groups by 2.7% and 2.9% in comparison with the peers of the I group. There was no significant difference in the content of pH in meat in all three groups of experimental bulls.

Key words: bulls, Kalmyk breed, Aberdeen Angus breed, Red Steppe Breed, crossbreeds, meat productivity, live weight, average daily gain, control slaughter, meat quality, Kabardino-Balkarian Republic.

References

  1. Kalashnikov VV, Bachirov VA. Scientific support for the development of animal husbandry in Russia in the XXI century. Achievements in genetics, selection and reproduction of farm animals: materials of the international. scientific. conf. SPb .: VNIIGZH; 2009;4.1:8-17.
  2. Kalashnikov NA. Beef performance of Kalmyk steers of different genotypes. Izvestia Orenburg State Agrarian University. 2015;2(52):118-120.
  3. Kayumov FG, Dubovskova MP, Polovinko LM et al. Kalmyk cattle – important reserve for development of breeding resources in the Stavropol region. Herald of Beef Cattle Breeding. 2014;4(87):47-52.
  4. Kayumov FG, Kalashnikov NA, Polovinko LM. Assessment of meat quality indices and morphological characteristics of steers of a new type “Voznesenovsky” of the Kalmyk cattle. Herald of Beef Cattle Breeding. 2016;3(95):76-79.
  5. Kosilov VI, Salihov A.A., Pobegajlova E.V. Genetic potential of productivity of young animals of Black Spotted breed. State and prospects for increasing the production of livestock and poultry products: materials of international scientific and practical conf. Orenburg: Publishing house. center of OSAU; 2003;5-9.
  6. Levahin VI, Azhmuldinov EA, Ibraev AS. Meat productivity and product quality slaughter bulls depending of the composition and complete diet. Archievements of Science and Technology of AIC. 2014;8:49-51.
  7. Litvinov KS, Mironenko SI. Peculitiarities of breeding red steppe young cattle for meat quality. Izvestia Orenburg State Agrarian University. 2007;4(16):60-62.
  8. Moshkina SV, Mikhailova OA, Tormasova MV. The effectiveness of the different schemes of the special beef cattle rearing. Herald of Beef Cattle Breeding. 2016;4(96): 88-92.
  9. Kalashnikov AP, et al. Standards and diets of farm animals: Ref. book. 3rd ed., rework. and add. Moscow: Agropromizdat; 2003:110-130.
  10. Plokhinsky NA. A guide to biometrics for zootechnicians. Moscow: Kolos; 1969:256 p.
  11. Radchikov VF, Tsay VP, Gurin VK, Kot AN, Sapsaleva TL. Productivity of Angus bulls depending on the structure of diet and age of animals. Herald of Beef Cattle Breeding. 2015;3(91):106-110.
  12. Cherekaev AV. Organization and technology of specialized beef cattle breeding. Moscow: Kolos; 1971:110-116.
  13. Sharkaeva G. Breeding resources of import cattle in the Russian Federation. Dairy and Beef Cattle Breeding. 2010;4:5-7.

Otarov Amash Iskhakovich, Cand. Sci. (Vet.), Senior Researcher of the Laboratory of Livestock and Forage Production of the Institute of Agriculture - a branch of the Kabardino-Balkarian Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ISKh KBSC RAS), 224 Kirov St., Nalchik, Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, 360004, tel .: 89280791053, e-mail: kbniish2007@yandex.ru

Kayumov Foat Galimovich, Dr. Sci (Agr.), Professor, Head of Research, Head of the Laboratory for New Breeds and Types of Beef Cattle, Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 460000, Orenburg, Russia, 9 Yanvarya St., 29, tel.: 8(3532)30-81-76, cell.:8-987-341-75-80, е-mail: vniims.or@mail.ru, nazkalms@mail.ru

Tretyakova Ruziya Foatovna, Cand. Sci (Biol.), Beef Cattle Breeding Department, Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 460000, Orenburg, Russia, 9 Yanvarya St., 29, tel.: 8(3532)30-81-74, e-mail: e-mail: kserev_1976@mail.ru

Natyrov Arkady Kanurovich, Dr. Sci. (Agr.), Professor, Dean, Head of Department of Agricultural Technologies and Processing of Agricultural Products, Kalmyk State University named after Gorodovikova BB, 11 Pushkin St., Elista, 358000, tel.: 8- (84722) 3-90-07, e-mail: natyrov_ak@mail.ru

Received: 27 July 2020; Accepted: 14 September 2020; Published: 30 September 2020

Download