Gerasimov NP, Dzhulamanov КМ.

Animal Husbandry and Fodder Production. 2026. Vol. 109. No 2. Р. 108-120.

doi: 10.33284/2658-3135-109-2-108

Original article

Genetic structure of the Ural population of Hereford cattle in the dynamics of generations based on microsatellite DNA loci

 

Nikolay P Gerasimov1, Kinispay M Dzhulamanov2

1,2Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia

1nick.gerasimov@rambler.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2295-5150

2 kinispai.d@yandex.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8039-7471

 

Abstract. Monitoring of dynamic processes in the gene pool of beef cattle is necessary for the implementation of a program for supporting, preserving, and genetically improving domestic breed resources. The aim of the research was to study the genetic structure of the breeding herd of Hereford cattle in Southern Ural in the dynamics of generations using microsatellite DNA loci. The object of the study was the number of cows (n=88) and young animals (n=58) of the Hereford breed from the breeding farm of Agrofirma Kalinskaya LLC in the Chelyabinsk Region. Genotyping was performed using 15 microsatellite loci: TGLA227, ETH10, BM2113, TGLA53, CSRM60, SPS115, TGLA122, BM1818, CSSM66, BM1824, ETH3, TGLA126, ETH225, INRA023, and ILSTS006. An analysis of the genetic resources of the Ural population of Hereford cattle indicates a significant reserve of variability in the gene pool of the breed. The observed heterozygosity in two consecutive generations varied between 0.680 and 0.714, and the number of effective alleles was 3.875 to 3.925 per locus. There was an increase in the parameters of genetic variability in the young group relative to the mature herd, which was accompanied by an increase in the excess of heterozygotes (F=-0.010). The observed dynamics in the herd's gene pool are explained by the effect of heterogeneous mating of parent pairs using imported breeding material, which is confirmed by the genetic distance D=0.032 and identity I=0.969 according to Nei between the studied sex-age groups. The calculation of the degree of difference between consecutive generations indicates a significant differentiation between the studied groups (Fst=0.018; P≤0.001). Thus, the Ural population of the Hereford breed has significant genetic resources, which is a result of heteroecological selection of parent pairs.

Keywords: Hereford breed, gene pool, population, genetic structure, microsatellite loci, allele, heterozygosit

Acknowledgments: the work was supported in accordance to the plan of research works for 2025-2027 FSBRI FRC BST RAS (No. FNWZ-2025-0008).

For citation: Gerasimov NP, Dzhulamanov КМ. Genetic structure of the Ural population of Hereford cattle in the dynamics of generations based on microsatellite DNA loci. Animal Husbandry and Fodder Production. 2026;109(2):108-120. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.33284/2658-3135-109-2-108

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Information about the authors:

Nikolay P Gerasimov, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher, Breeding and Genetic Center for Beef Cattle Breeds, Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 9 Yanvarya St., Orenburg, 460000, tel.: 8-912-358-96-17.

Kinispay M Dzhulamanov, Dr. Sci. (Agriculture), Head of the Breeding and Genetic Center for Beef Cattle Breeds, Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 9 Yanvarya st., 460000, Orenburg., tel.: 8(3532)30-81-74.

The article was submitted 20.03.2026; approved after reviewing 08.04.2026; accepted for publication 15.06.2026.

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