Chechenikhina OS, Stepanov AV, Bykova OA, Aksenova ON

 DOI: 10.33284/2658-3135-102-4-138

UDC 636.22/.28.082.13

The impact of duration of service period of cows on indicators of their productive longevity

Olga S Chechenikhina1, Alexey V Stepanov1, Olga A Bykova1, Olga N Aksenova2

1Ural State Agrarian University (Ekaterinburg, Russia)

2 Branch of JSC “Uralplemcentr” in Chelyabinsk Region (Chelyabinsk, Russia)

Summary. The aim of the study was to analyze the influence of the duration of service period of cows on indicators of their productive longevity. Research work was carried out on cows of Black Spotted breed of the breeding herd in Chelyabinsk region. The age and causes of retirement of animals from the herd, as well as their milk productivity and the period of economic use depending on the duration of service period are analyzed. The duration of service period of cows of the first lactation in the breeding herd has a sufficiently large variability. This indicator needs additional attention from specialists of the zootechnical service. The retirement age of animals from the herd is negatively correlated with the duration of the service period: when the service period is reduced to 60 days and below, the retirement age of cows increases to 4.05 lactations. When the service period is reduced to 60 days or less, the probability of animals leaving due to udder diseases, difficult births and complications increases. At the same time, the percentage of cow disposal as a result of cowshed is reduced to 1.9%. Animals with an extended service period (more than 200 days) were more likely to drop out due to arthritis, diseases of the genitals, less-due to old age. Lifetime milk yield of cows with an average service period (60-100 days) exceeds the milk yield of other animals by an average of 3.4%, the content of fat and protein in milk-by 27.4 and 25.1 kg, respectively, in terms of indicators. Therefore, in order to increase the term of productive longevity of cows and their lifelong milk productivity, the duration of the service period of the milking herd in the range from 60 to 100 days should be observed.

Key words: cows, Black Spotted breed, service period, reasons of retirement, productive longevity, milk productivity.

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Chechenikhina Olga Sergeevna, Cand. Sci. (Agr.), Associate Professor, Director of the Centre for Professional Development of Youth, Ural State Agrarian University", 620075, Ekaterinburg, Russia, 42 K. Liebknecht Street, tel.: 8(343)221-40-42, e-mail: olgachech@yandex.ru;

Stepanov Alexey Vladimirovich, Cand. Sci. (Agr.), Associate Professor, Ural State Agrarian University, 620075, Ekaterinburg, Russia, 42 K. Liebknecht Street, tel.: 8(343)252-72-53, e-mail: alexeystepanow@mail.ru

Bykova Olga Aleksandrovna, Dr. Sci. (Agr.), Associate Professor, Head of the Department for Research and Development, Ural State Agrarian University, 620075, Ekaterinburg, Russia, 42 K. Liebknecht Street, tel.: 8(343)221-40-36, e-mail: olbyk75@mail.ru

Aksenova Olga Nikolaevna, Cand. Sci. (Agr.), Chief Livestock Specialist, Head of Branch, Ural Breeding Centre Society, a separate branch in Chelyabinsk Region, 454080, Chelyabinsk, Russia, 75A, Sonya Krivoy Street, tel.: 8(351)265-39-24, e-mail: o.n.aksenova@mail.ru

Received: 21 November 2019; Accepted: 16 December 2019;Published: 31 December 2019

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