Мarina P Dubovskova, Nikolay P Gerasimov

Animal Husbandry and Fodder Production. 2021. Vol. 104, no 4. Р. 47-56.

doi:10.33284/2658-3135-104-4-47

 Characteristics of genetic structure of the herd of breeding bulls of the Hereford breed

by polymorphism of genes GH (c. 2141C> G) and TG5 (c. -422C> T) in the dynamics of generations

 Мarina P Dubovskova1, Nikolay P Gerasimov2

1,2Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia

1dubovskova.m@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6915-4647

2nick.gerasimov@rambler.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2295-5150

Abstract. Selection and breeding work to improve productivity in the population of Hereford bulls is carried out using molecular genetic methods that determine the relationship of functional variability with  the  desired alleles of the gene-markers of meat productivity. The aim of the study is to form a population of Hereford bulls taking into account the polymorphism of the gene-markers of meat productivity GH (c. 2141C> G) and TG5 (c. -422C> T) in the dynamics of generations. The experimental animals were replacement bulls of the 3rd and 4th generations from the ancestors of the Hereford breed of the North Caucasian population in the age period from 8 to 15 months. We studied the polymorphism of genes, the frequency of alleles and their profiles, the frequency of genotypes - actual and expected in the dynamics of generations, as well as the live weight and growth rate of young animals with different combinations of GH and TG5 genotypes. Analysis of genetic diversity indicates the prevalence of the frequency of homozygotes over heterozygotes in the third generation for the GH and TG5 gene by 69.2% and 23.0%. In the 4th generation, the frequency of heterozygous TG5TC genotypes was 14.2% higher than that of homozygous ones. In the dynamics of generations, the degree of homozygosity decreased for the GH and TG5 gene by 4.4% and by 41.7%. As a result, the number of effective alleles increased by 0.213 and by 0.11, which contributed to the availability of a greater variety of breeding material. The frequency of the selection-significant V and T alleles in the dynamics of generations increased by 4.9% and 7.1%. The live weight increased in the dynamics of generations in bulls-carriers of breeding-significant alleles at the age of 8 months. by 6.6 kg (3.1%), at 15 months. – by 4.3 kg (1.0%). As a result, animal carriers of especially valuable genotypes with a specific allelic profile of the GH and TG5 genes were identified for the formation of a high-value population.

Keywords: beef cattle breeding, bulls, Hereford breed, single-nucleotide polymorphism of GH and TG5 genes, frequency of genotypes, effective alleles, live weight, average daily gain

Acknowledgments: the work was performed in accordance to the plan of research works for 2021-2023 FSBRI FRC BST RAS (No. 0526-2021-0001).

For citation: Dubovskova МP, Gerasimov NP. Characteristics of genetic structure of the herd of breeding bulls of the Hereford breed by polymorphism of genes GH (c. 2141C> G) and TG5 (c. -422C> T) in the dynamics of generations. Animal Husbandry and Fodder Production. 2021;104(4):47-56. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.33284/2658-3135-104-4-47

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Information about the authors

Marina P Dubovckova, Dr. Sci. (Agriculture), Leading Researcher, Breeding and Genetic Center For Beef Cattle Breeds, Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 460000, Orenburg, 29 9 Yanvarya St., cell.: 8-922-621-61-78.

Nikolay P Gerasimov, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher, Breeding and Genetic Center For Beef Cattle Breeds, Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 460000, Orenburg, 29 9 Yanvarya St., cell: 8-912-358-96-17.

 The article was submitted 13.10.2021; approved after reviewing 21.10.2021; accepted for publication 13.12.2021.

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