Мarina P Dubovskova

DOI: 10.33284/2658-3135-103-4-85

UDC 636.082.11 (470.6)

Acknowledgements:

Research was carried out according the plan of research scientific works on 2019-2021 yy. FSBSI FRC BST RAS (No 0761-2019-0012)

Breeding peculiarities of Hereford cattle of the intra-breed type Dmitrievsky, North Caucasian population, taking into account polymorphism GH (L127V) and LEP/A80V

Мarina P Dubovskova

Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Orenburg, Russia)

Summary. The peculiarities of the breeding process during the improvement of the intrabreed type of the Dmitrievsky Hereford breed of the North Caucasian population consist in a combination of traditional methods of selection and selection with molecular genetic ones, which determine the interaction of functional variability with the desired alleles of genes. The aim of the research is to study the productive and breeding qualities of the genealogical group of animals of the intra-breed type Dmitrievsky, the polymorphism of productivity markers and its genetic structure in the dynamics of generations. The experimental animals were 24-month sires, fresh cows, 15-month bulls, 18-month heifers of Dmitrievsky type and their analogs of the basic selection. The characteristics of the genetic structure of the population were established by determining the frequency of erythrocyte antigenic factors according to three blood group systems (EAA, EAB, EAC). We studied the polymorphism and frequency of the desired genotypes of the growth hormone - GH (L127V) and leptin – LEP/A80V genes in sire bulls, successors of genealogical lines and related groups. Representatives of Dmitrievsky type of all age and sex groups were distinguished by their massiveness, better-developed linear measurements, milk yield compared to their peers of the herd. The genetic diversity of the North Caucasian population of Herefords from the first to the third generation decreased. A decrease in the frequency of antigen A2 by 33.0%, I1 - by 37%, W - by 14.0% was established. The introduction of antigenic erythrocyte factor Eʹ3 (locus EAB) by 13.0% was noted. Studying the polymorphism of the genes of growth hormone (L127V) and leptin (A80V), different frequencies of occurrence of individual genotypes were established. Population heterogeneity was associated with differences in weight growth in the group of bulls. At the same time, the live weight of carriers of genotypes VV and AA in genes GH and LEP exceeded the elite class by 5.62% and 2.9%, carriers of LV and LL genotypes of the growth hormone gene - by 1-1.68%, and the genotype AV leptin - by 0.78%. Analysis of the indicators of live weight, milk yield, measurements, conformation and the severity of the body type showed the advantage of the Dmitrievsky type. Genotyping of breeding bulls indicates the presence of a tendency for the relationship between the V and A alleles in the homozygous form of the growth hormone and leptin genes with the heavy weight of animals.

Key words: cattle, Hereford breed, Dmitrievsky type, genetic structure, live weight, constitution and conformation, linear measurements, frequency of antigenic factors, single nucleotide polymorphism GH L127V, LEP/A80V.

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Dubovckova Marina Pavlovna, Dr. Sci. (Agr), Senior Researcher, Laboratory for Beef Cattle Breeding, Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 460000, Orenburg, Russia, 29 9 Yanvarya St., e-mail: dubovskova.m@mail.ru

Received: 11 December 2020; Accepted: 14 December 2020; Published: 31 December 2020

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