Elena V Sheida, Galimzhan K Duskaev, Sergey A Miroshnikov, Ivan S Miroshnikov, Dmitry A Proskurin, Maxim V Ovechkin

Animal Husbandry and Fodder Production. 2023. Vol. 106, no 3. P. 179-189.

doi:10.33284/2658-3135-106-3-179

Original article

Design and operation of a bioreactor for processing plant waste

Elena V Sheida^1,7, Galimzhan K Duskaev², Sergey A Miroshnikov³, Ivan S Miroshnikov⁴, Dmitry A Proskurin⁵, Maxim V Ovechkin⁶

^1,2,3,4,5,6Federal Research Centre for Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia

⁷Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia

^1,7elena-snejjda@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2586-613X

²gduskaev@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9015-8367

³fncbst@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1173-1952

⁴sparco911@rambler.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0190-0612

⁵dimitrpro@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7030-0912

⁶maxov-1@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6314-6822

Abstract. The design and operation of bioreactors include a wide range of engineering theories, methodologies and tools based on the ability of biological systems to transform various substrates into finished products. In our work, we provide the main stages of biotechnology that affect the design of a bioreactor, requirements and elements of concepts for the design and operation of bioreactors. We offer the basic principles of design and construction of a laboratory model of a fermenter for the disposal of industrial waste. The effect of fermentation time on the activity of metabolic processes in the rumen content of the bioreactor, as well as the degree of decomposition of some plant substrates (flax and hemp cake), was studied. The duration of fermentation was 20 days. It was found that the duration of the process had no significant effect on the pH values in the fermentation fluid and the fluctuation of values was in the range of 6.9-7.1, while the nature of fermentation changed. The level of volatile fatty acids and nitrogen metabolites in the contents of the fermenter maintained high values up to 9 days of fermentation, then a downward trend in these indicators was revealed. During the 9-day fermentation, there was a decrease in the amount of dry matter by 51.7% and other nutritional components in the studied substrates, fat by 88.1%, fiber by 30.5%, crude protein by 13.2% and ash by 66.7%, respectively.

Keywords: bioreactor, modeling, fermentation, microbial protein, fermenter, volatile fatty acids, nitrogen forms, hemp cake

Acknowledgments: the   work  was  supported  by  the  Russian  Science  Foundation,  Project  No. 20-16-00088-Р.

For citation: Sheida EV,  Duskaev GK, Miroshnikov SA, Miroshnikov IS, Proskurin DA, Ovechkin MV. Design and operation of a bioreactor for processing plant waste. Animal Husbandry and Fodder Production. 2023;106(3):179-189. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.33284/2658-3135-106-3-179

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Information about the authors:

Elena V Sheida, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Researcher at the Laboratory of Biological Tests and Examinations, Federal Research Centre for Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 460000, Orenburg, January 9, 29, cell: 8-922-862-64-02; Senior Researcher at the Institute of Bioelementology, Orenburg State University, 13 Pobedy Ave., Orenburg, 460018, tel.: 89228626402.

Galimzhan K Duskaev, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor of Russian Academy of Sciences, Leading Researcher of the Department of Farm Animal Feeding and Feed Technology named after S.G. Leushin, Federal Research Centre for Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 29, 9 Yanvarya St., Orenburg, 460000, tel.: 8(3532)30-81-70.

Ivan S Miroshnikov, Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Researcher of the Department of Farm Animal Feeding and Feed Technology named after S.G. Leushin, Federal Research Centre for Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 29, 9 Yanvarya St., Orenburg, 460000, tel.: 89228060101.

Dmitry A Proskurin, Cand. Sci. (Technical), Researcher of the Department of Farm Animal Feeding and Feed Technology named after S.G. Leushin, Federal Research Centre for Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 29, 9 Yanvarya St., Orenburg, 460000, tel.: 89128464366.

Maxim V Ovechkin, Cand. Sci. (Technical), Researcher of the Department of Farm Animal Feeding and Feed Technology named after S.G. Leushin, Federal Research Centre for Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 29, 9 Yanvarya St., Orenburg, 460000, tel.: 89226294453.

The article was submitted 08.06.2023; approved after reviewing 24.08.2023; accepted for publication 11.09.2023.