Vitaly Yu Skorokhodov, Yuri V Kaftan, Dmitry V Mitrofanov, Nikolai A Maksyutov

Animal Husbandry and Fodder Production. 2023. Vol. 106, no 3. Р. 239-249.

 

doi:10.33284/2658-3135-106-3-239

 

Original article

The influence of biological factors on the productivity of durum wheat in the conditions

of the steppe zone of the Southern Urals

 

Vitaly Yu Skorokhodov1, Yuri V Kaftan2, Dmitry V Mitrofanov3, Nikolai A Maksyutov4

1,2,3,4Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia

1skorohodov.vitali1975@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4179-7784

2yu.kaftan@bk.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6653-7220

3dvm.80@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7172-6904

4maksyutov.n@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4394-6325

 

Abstract. These research for the first time studied the influence and prolonged effect of air temperature, precipitation, cellulose-decomposing activity of the soil, the content of nitrate nitrogen on the durum wheat yield in crop rotations and monoculture in the conditions of the Southern Urals. The aim of the study is to determine the effect of biological factors on the productivity of durum wheat in the conditions of the steppe zone of the Southern Urals and to establish a relationship with crop yield. Field research was conducted from 2002 to 2022 in Nezhinka village, Orenburg region. A moderate correlation dependence  of  productivity  with  air  temperature in May and June r = -0.49 - 0.65 and with precipitation  r = 0.33 - 0.67  were  revealed  during  office  data  processing.  In  crops  of  durum  wheat, a weak (r = from 0.17 to -0.31) correlation was found between the crop yield and the cellulolytic activity of the soil. The green manure fallow is the best predecessor of durum wheat in our studies, which is confirmed by the increased cellulolytic activity of the soil against the background of mineral fertilizers and the formation of an average yield of 0.97 ± 0.59 tons per 1 ha. Mineral fertilizers increase the cellulolytic activity when cultivating the crop in bare fallow by 0.6%, in green manure by 3%, respectively.

Keywords:  soil biological activity (SBA), productivity, nitrate nitrogen, predecessor, mineral fertilizers, crop rotation, durum wheat, monoculture

Acknowledgments: the work was performed in accordance to the plan of research works for 2022-2024 FSBRI FRC BST RAS (No. 0526-2022-0014).

For citation: Skorokhodov VYu, Kaftan YuV, Mitrofanov DV, Maksyutov NA. The influence of biological factors on the productivity of durum wheat in the conditions of the steppe zone of the Southern Urals. Animal Husbandry and Fodder Production. 2023;106(3):239-249. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.33284/2658-3135-106-3-239

 

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Information about the authors:

Vitaliy Yu Skorokhodov, Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Leading Researcher, Department of Agriculture and Resource-Saving Technologies, Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 460051, Orenburg, Gagarin Ave., 27/1, tel.: 89068458745.

Yuri V Kaftan, Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Leading Researcher of the Department of Agriculture and Resource-saving Technologies, Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 460051, Orenburg, Gagarin Ave. 27/1, tel.: 89878994748.

Dmitry V Mitrofanov, Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Leading Researcher of the Department of Agriculture and Resource-saving Technologies, Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 27/1 Gagarin Ave., Orenburg, 460051, tel.: 89878559895.

Nikolay A Maksyutov, Doc. Sci. (Agriculture), Professor, Chief Researcher of the Department of Agriculture and Resource-saving Technologies, Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 27/1 Gagarin Ave., Orenburg, 460051, tel.: 892285759209.

 

The article was submitted 08.06.2023; approved after reviewing 23.06.2023; accepted for publication 11.09.2023.

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