Yausheva EV, Sizova EA.
Animal Husbandry and Fodder Production. 2024. Vol. 107, no 4. Р. 266-282.
doi:10.33284/2658-3135-107-4-266
Original article
Taxonomic diversity of the large intestine microbiota of cows with different levels of
essential elements in the body
Elena V Yausheva1, Elena A Sizova2
1,2Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia
1vasilena56@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1589-2211
2Sizova.L78@yandex.ru, orcid.org/0000-0002-5125-5981
Abstract. Microelements such as iron, manganese, copper, cobalt, selenium and zinc are vital and play an important role in the growth and productivity of farm animals. Excess or deficiency of essential elements leads to deviations in the development of animals and a general deterioration in health and metabolic processes. The microbiome of the gastrointestinal tract of ruminants is a participant in many metabolic processes in the body and will also respond to changes in mineral metabolism. The aim of the work was to study the relationship between the elemental composition of hair, milk and the state of the colon microbiome. According to the elemental composition of hair, the animals were divided into 2 groups (n = 15): Group I (control) - the level of microelements (Cu, Zn, Co, Se, Mn, Fe) within the reference values, Group II - the level of microelements is below or within the lower limit of the reference values. The level of Se, Cu, Co, Zn, Fe and Mn was significantly (P≤0.05) lower by 21.4; 20; 30.1; 17.9; 40.3 and 30.2% in animals of group II relative to I. Also, in the hair of cows of group II, a lower content of calcium (-7.3%, P≤0.05) and chromium (-5.67%, P≤0.05) and a higher concentration of silicon (+36.4%, P≤0.05), mercury (+6.73%, P≤0.05) and nickel (+11.6%, P≤0.05) were noted in comparison with group I. Similarly, in milk from animals of group II, the content of copper (-23.3%, P≤0.05), calcium (-3.19%, P≤0.05) and selenium (-7.96%, P≤0.05) was lower than in I. The microbiome of the large intestine of cows of group II in comparison with I was characterized by lower biodiversity. In the taxonomic composition of the intestinal microbiota of cows of group II, a lower relative abundance of bacteria of the taxa Lachnospiraceae, Alistipes, Prevotella, which are active producers of short-chain fatty acids, was noted. The obtained data show the importance of studying the myrobiota of the gastrointestinal tract against the background of an imbalance of trace elements in the animal body and the prospects for managing metabolic processes in the intestine by correcting elementoses.
Keywords: cattle, microbiota, elemental composition of milk, microelements, macroelements
Acknowledgments: the work was performed in accordance to the plan of research works for 2022-2024 FSBRI FRC BST RAS (No FNWZ-2022-0011).
For citation: Yausheva EV, Sizova EA. Taxonomic diversity of the large intestine microbiota of cows with different levels of essential elements in the body. Animal Husbandry and Fodder Production. 2024;107(4):266-282. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.33284/2658-3135-107-4-266
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Information about the authors:
Elena V Yausheva, Cand. Sci. (Biology), senior researcher at the Laboratory of Molecular Genetic Research and Metallomics in Livestock, Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 29, 9 Yanvarya St., Orenburg, 460000.
Elena A Sizova, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Head of the Centre for Nanotechnologies in Agriculture, Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 29, 9 Yanvarya St., Orenburg, 460000.
The article was submitted 23.10.2024; approved after reviewing 25.11.2024; accepted for publication 16.12.2024.
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