Bakirov FG, Vasiliev IV, Filippova AV, Didenko VV, Dolmatov AP.

Animal Husbandry and Fodder Production. 2025. Vol. 108. No. 2. Р. 172-185.

doi:10.33284/2658-3135-108-2-172

Original article

Minimization of soil cultivation as an important element of biologization of agriculture in

Orenburg region

 

Farit G Bakirov1, Igor V Vasiliev2, Asya V Filippova3, Victoria V Didenko4, Alexey P Dolmatov5

1,2,3,4,5Orenburg State Agrarian University, Orenburg, Russia

1f.bakirov@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1731-7875

2igor-vas2009@yandex.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8564-1995

3kassio-67@yandex.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2665-5673

4tori-5557@yandex.ru, https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8665-7605

5alex.ustas.dol@yandex.ru, https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2764-7250

 

Abstract. The research was conducted to substantiate the concept that minimizing tillage is an important element of the biologization of agriculture, which determines the effectiveness of other measures in the arid steppe of Orenburg region. To write the article, we used materials from two stationary experiments conducted in the educational establishment of the Orenburg State Agrarian University. The first experiment has been conducted since 1988, where 16 different basic treatment systems are being studied with a gradual decrease in the intensity of the impact on the soil in each subsequent variant. For the analysis, annual plowing (intensive), zero with alternating shallow and deep loosening (soil–saving), and direct sowing (No-Till) were selected from the first hospital, and from the second experiment conducted since 2011. The soil of the experimental field is represented by southern carbonate low-humus heavy loam chernozem on red-brown carbonate loams. The soil-saving system significantly restrains the decrease in humus content, and when manure is applied, it ensures its accumulation compared to annual plowing, where it decreased from 4.4% to 3.8% over 34 years. When processing is minimized, the proportion of soil structural units of 5-3 mm and 3-1 mm increases and decreases to more than 10 mm. The microbiological activity of the layers of the arable horizon is directly dependent on the location of organic residues: during plowing, it is highest in the 10-20 cm layer, and in the variant with the maximum minimization of processing in 0-10 cm, with a gradual attenuation of 25 and 59% in subsequent layers. At No-Till, the architecture of the spring wheat root system is an inverted bell and is as close as possible to the configuration of the roots in the virgin soil. Minimizing tillage makes it possible to achieve the main objectives of biologization of agriculture – the reproduction of soil fertility and increasing the efficiency of using moisture resources in the arid steppe. This is the reason to believe that minimizing tillage is an important element of the biologization of agriculture.

Keywords: biologization of agriculture, minimization of cultivation, soil structure, humus, soil density, root architectonics

Acknowledgments: the work was performed in accordance to the plan of research works for 2020-2025 FSBEI Orenburg State Agrarian University (No. АААА-А17-117112340090).

For citation: Bakirov FG, Vasiliev IV, Filippova AV, Didenko VV, Dolmatov AP. Minimization of soil cultivation as an important element of biologization of agriculture in Orenburg region. Animal Husbandry and Fodder Production. 2025;108(2):172-185. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.33284/2658-3135-108-2-172

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Information about the authors:

Farit G Bakirov, Dr. Sci. (Agriculture), Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Agriculture, Bioecology and Agrochemistry, Orenburg State Agrarian University, 18 Chelyuskintsev St., Orenburg, 460014, tel.: +7(987)7804245.

Igor V Vasiliev, Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Associate Professor, Dean of the Faculty of Agricultural Technologies, Land Management and Food Production, Orenburg State Agrarian University, 18 Chelyuskintsev St., Orenburg, 460014, tel.: +7(912)8453335.

Asya V Filippova, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Head of the Department of Agriculture, Agroecology and Agrochemistry, Orenburg State Agrarian University, 18 Chelyuskintsev St., Orenburg, 460014, 18, tel.: +7(961)9208322.

Victoria V Didenko, postgraduate student of the department of Agriculture, Bioecology and Agrochemistry, Orenburg State Agrarian University, 18 Chelyuskintsev St., Orenburg, 460014, tel.: +7(922)8385557.

Alexey P Dolmatov, Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Agriculture, Bioecology and Agrochemistry, Orenburg State Agrarian University, 18 Chelyuskintsev St., Orenburg, 460014, tel.: +7(912)8591912.

 

The article was submitted 05.04.2024; approved after reviewing 10.05.2025; accepted for publication 16.06.2025.

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