Sevostyanov MY, Leshonok OI, Tkachenko IV, Zyryanova АА.

Animal Husbandry and Fodder Production. 2025. Vol. 108. No. 4. Р. 136-150.

doi:10.33284/2658-3135-108-4-136

Analytical article

Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of dairy cattle breeding resources

in the Ural Federal District

Mikhail Y Sevostyanov1, Oksana I Leshonok2, Inga V Tkachenko3, Anastasia A Zyryanova4

1,2,3,4 Ural Research Institute of Agriculture – Branch of the Ural Federal Agrarian Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russia

123.seva.1959@mail.ru, https:// orcid.org/0000-0001-9869-6496

2smuuralniishoz@mail.ru, https:// orcid.org/0000-0002-6606-298Х

3tkachenko_uniish@mail.ru, https:// orcid.org/0000-0002-0122-7018

4agata.lis.00@mail.ru, https:// orcid.org/0009-0008-1435-8210

Abstract. The state of the dairy cattle industry in the Ural Federal District based on the results of the 2024 grading has been analyzed. The cattle population in the farms of the Ural Federal District decreased by 3.2 thousand head compared to 2023. An increase in dairy productivity was noted in all constituent entities of the district. Overall, for the Ural Federal District, the cow milk yield in 2024 reached 9,226 kg of milk, an increase of 153 kg from the previous year. The highest milk yields were noted in the farms of the Sverdlovsk region – 9,448 kg of milk with a fat content of 3.78% and a protein content of 3.29%. Successful breeding for dairy productivity indicators in cows is accompanied by a reduction in their productive lifespan. The average age of cows on the region’s farms in 2024 was 2.26 calvings; in the Tyumen region, this figure was 2.17 calvings. Long-lived Holstein cows with record lifetime productivity were identified. The growth and development of heifers during the rearing periods meet the minimum requirements of the grading for breeding dairy and dual-purpose (dairy and beef) cattle. The excess of average indicators over the minimum ones in the farms of the Ural Federal District is 10.0-16.5% at 10 months of age, 14.7-19.3% at one year of age, and 12.0-16.0% at 18 months of age. In the constituent entities of the district, 1.4-9.8% of the young stock remain uninseminated within the optimal zootechnical deadlines and are subject to culling from the herd.

Keywords: Ural federal district, dairy cattle farming, breed composition, livestock population, milk productivity, length of productive use, replacement heifers

Acknowledgments: the work was performed in accordance to the plan of research works for 2024-2025 Ural   Federal   Agrarian   Research   Center   of   the   Ural   Branch   of  the  Russian Academy of Sciences (No. 0532-2021-0006).

For citation: Sevostyanov MY, Leshonok OI, Tkachenko IV, Zyryanova АА. Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of dairy cattle breeding resources in the Ural Federal District. Animal Husbandry and Fodder Production. 2025;108(4):136-150. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.33284/2658-3135-108-4-136

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Information about the authors:

Mikhail Yu Sevostyanov, Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Head Ural Research Institute of Agriculture – Branch of the Ural Federal Agrarian Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 21 Glavnaya St., Istok village, Sverdlovsk Region, Yekaterinburg, 620061, tel.: (343) 252-74-61.

Oksana I Leshonok, Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Head of the Department of Animal Husbandry and Genetic Research, Ural Research Institute of Agriculture – Branch of the Ural Federal Agrarian Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 21 Glavnaya St., Istok village, Sverdlovsk Region, Yekaterinburg, 620061, tel.: (343) 252-72-82.

Inga V Tkachenko, Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Head of the Testing Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Expertise, Department of Animal Husbandry and Genetic Research, Ural Research Institute of Agriculture – Branch of the Ural Federal Agrarian Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 21 Glavnaya St., Istok village, Sverdlovsk Region, Yekaterinburg, 620061, tel.: +7 (343) 252-72-82.

Anastasia A Zyryanova, Junior Research Fellow, Department of Animal Husbandry and Genetic Research, Ural Research Institute of Agriculture – Branch of the Ural Federal Agrarian Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 21 Glavnaya St., Istok village, Sverdlovsk Region, Yekaterinburg, 620061, tel.: +7 (343) 252-72-82.

The article was submitted 14.10.2025; approved after reviewing 18.11.2025; accepted for publication 15.12.2025.

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