Gerasimov NP, Dzhulamanov КМ, Elemesov BK, Sangakov AK, Dunin IM.

Animal Husbandry and Fodder Production. 2026. Vol. 109. No. 1. Р. 133-147.

doi: 10.33284/2658-3135-109-1-133

Original article

Morphological composition of carcasses and microstructure of muscle tissue

in Kazakh White-Headed bulls of different genotypes

Nikolay P Gerasimov1, Kinispay M Dzhulamanov2, Bauyrzhan K Elemesov3, Al’bek K Sangakov4, Ivan M Dunin5

1,2,3,4Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia

5All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Breeding, Moscow region, Lesnye Polyany, Russia

1nick.gerasimov@rambler.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2295-5150

2 kinispai.d@yandex.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8039-7471

3elemesovb@inbox.ru

4sangakovak@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9843-4572

5vniiplem@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4310-9551

Abstract. Advances in molecular genetics have made it possible to mark the main quantitative traits of beef cattle. The article presents the results of studying the morphological composition of the carcass and the microstructure of the longissimus dorsi muscle in Kazakh White-Headed bulls of different genotypes according to GH, DGAT1, TG5, CAST, LEP, CAPN 1, SCD1, and RORC genes associated with tissue growth and development, as well as lipid and energy metabolism. The young animals (n=12) were raised to 15 months under the same feeding and housing conditions, and the control period was completed by slaughter. The animals were selected for slaughter based on their genotype for the 8 genes studied, with the aim of obtaining groups of at least 3 animals of each genotype. After cooling, the carcass was divided into cuts and deboned. GH-VV carriers significantly exceeded their peers in terms of the cooled carcass weight and the lean weight. Heterozygous individuals for the CAST gene had a significant advantage in terms of lean yield, but they were inferior in terms of bone weight and yield compared to CAST-AA homozygotes. The polymorphism of the LEP gene had a significant effect on the microstructure of the longissimus dorsi muscle; heterozygous bulls surpassed their LEP-AA peers in terms of the myofibril diameter and the content of muscle tissue. The results obtained indicate the potential effect of the GH gene on the synthesis and formation of muscle tissue, which is confirmed by significant differences between carriers of gene variants in the microstructure of the longissimus dorsi muscle. On the other hand, further work will be required to validate the identified associations of the studied genes in a larger population.

Keywords: bulls, Kazakh White-Headed breed, gene, allele, morphological composition, microstructure of muscle tissue

Acknowledgments: the   work  was  supported  by  the  Russian  Science  Foundation,  Project  No. 24-26-00264.

For citation: Gerasimov NP, Dzhulamanov КМ, Elemesov BK, Sangakov AK, Dunin IM. Morphological composition of carcasses and microstructure of muscle tissue in Kazakh White-Headed bulls of different genotypes. Animal Husbandry and Fodder Production. 2026;109(1):133-147. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.33284/2658-3135-109-1-133

References

  1. State Standard 34120-2017. Cattle for slaughter. Beef and veal carcasses, semi-carcasses and quarters. Specifications. Implementation date01.2019. Moscow: Standartinform. 2020:19 р.
  2. Zaripov OG. Influence of  SCD1  (sterol-CoA desaturase) and AGPAT6 (1-acylglyceryl-3-phosphate-o-acyltransferase)  genes  polymorphisms  on  content  and  fat  composition  of  milk  fat  in Holstinized  Black-and-White    International Research Journal. [Internet] 2023;11(137). Available from: https://research-journal.org/en/archive/11-137-2023-november/10.23670/IRJ.2023.137.148 (cited: 2025 Oct. 10). doi: 10.23670/IRJ.2023.137.148
  3. Kozhevnikova IS, Stupina AO, Klassen IA. The role of somatotropic axis genes in regulating the productivity traits of dairy and beef cattle (review). Agricultural Science Euro-North- 2025;26(4):713-724. doi: 10.30766/2072-9081.2025.26.4.713-724
  4. Kolpakov VI. Influence of  some  polymorphic  genes  on  meat  productivity  and meat  quality  of  cattle  (review).  Animal  Husbandry  and Fodder Production. 2020;103(4):47-64. doi: 10.33284/2658-3135-103-4-47
  5. Lazebnaya IV, Perchun AV, Lazebny OE. Intrabreed differentiation of the native Kostroma cattle breed based on SNP-markers of meat productivity. Advances in Current Biology. 2022;142(5):463-476. doi: 10.31857/S0042132422050088
  6. Selionova MI, Evstaf'eva LV, Konovalova EN, Belaya EV. Marker-assisted and genomic selection of beef cattle. Timiryazev Biological Journal. 2023;2:37-48. doi: 10.26897/2949-4710-2023-2-37-48
  7. Abdulkhalikov RZ, Shakhmurzov MM, Tarchokov TT, Shevkhuzhev AF, Magomedov KG. Polymorphism of FASN and DGAT1 genes in beef cattle and their relationship with phenotype parameters. Agrarian Scientific Journal. 2024;8:61-66. doi: 10.28983/asj.y2024i8pp61-66
  8. Konovalova EN, Evstafeva LV, Selionova MI, Romanenkova OS, Gladyr EA. The relationship of leptin and kalpain-1 genes polymorphisms with fattening efficiency and slaughter traits of beef cattle. Journal of Dairy and Beef Cattle Breeding. 2024а;2:31-35. doi: 10.33943/MMS.2024.91.72.007
  9. Pozovnikova MV, Serdyuk GN,  Tulinova  OV,  et al.  Association  of  polymorphic types  of  Stearoyl-CoA  desaturase  gene  (SCD1)  with economically valuable traits in Russian population of Ayrshire cows. Agricultural Biology [Sel’skokhozyaistvennaya biologiya]. 2017;52(6):1139-1147. doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2017.6.1139rus  doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2017.6.1139eng
  10. Selionova MI, Evstafyeva LV.   The   influence   of  leptin  gene  polymorphism  on  beef quality  in  Aberdeen  Angus    Journal  of  Dairy  and  Beef  Cattle  Breeding.  2024;5:13-18. doi: 10.33943/MMS.2024.30.56.003
  11. Tarasova EI, Polyakova VS, Sizova EA. Association of  DGAT1  gene  polymorphism with  the  elemental  composition  of  biosubstrates  and  productivity  of  black-and-white cows in the Leningrad, Vologda, and Orenburg regions. Animal Husbandry and Fodder Production. 2024;107(3):8-24. doi: 10.33284/2658-3135-107-3-8
  12. Tretyakova RF, Kayumov FG. The effect of DGAT1 gene polymorphism on the productivity of Kalmyk beef cattle. Journal of Dairy and Beef Cattle Breeding. 2024;3:16-19. doi: 10.33943/MMS.2024.55.52.004
  13. Tretyakova RF, Kayumov FG, Tretyakova NA. Morphofunctional characteristics of the longest back muscle and biceps femoris muscle of different bulls genotypes. Animal Husbandry and Fodder Production. 2021;104(4):89-97. https://doi.org/10.33284/2658-3135-104-4-89
  14. Konovalova EN, Evstafeva LV, Safonova SS, Romanenkova OS, Gladyr EA. Chemical composition and histological structure of the longest muscle of the back of Aberdeen-Angus cattle depending on genotype. Animal Husbandry and Fodder Production. 2024b;107(4):41-52. https://doi.org/10.33284/2658-3135-107-4-41
  15. Dolmatova I, Sedykh T, Valitov F, Gizatullin R, Khaziev D, Kharlamov A. Effect of the bovine TG5 gene polymorphism on milk- and meat-producing ability. Vet World. 2020;13(10):2046-2052. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.2046-2052
  16. Gorlov I, Sulimova G, Perchun A, et al. Genetic polymorphism of the RORC, bGH, bGHR, LEP, LEPR genes in Russian hornless cattle breed. Engineering for Rural Development. 2017;16:201-206. doi: 10.22616/ERDev2017.16.N038
  17. Lee SH, Joo ST, Ryu YC. Skeletal muscle fiber type and myofibrillar proteins in relation to meat quality. Meat Sci. 2010;86(1):166-70. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.04.040
  18. Otto JR, Mwangi FW, Pewan SB, Adegboye OA, Malau-Aduli AEO. Lipogenic gene single nucleotide  polymorphic DNA markers associated with intramuscular fat, fat melting point, and health-beneficial  Omega-3  long-chain  polyunsaturated  fatty  acids  in  Australian  pasture-based  Bowen  genetics  forest  pastoral  angus, Hereford, and wagyu beef cattle. Genes (Basel). 2022;13(8):1411. doi: 10.3390/genes13081411
  19. Otto JR, Pewan SB, Edmunds RC, Mwangi FW, Kinobe RT, Adegboye OA, Malau-Aduli AEO.  Differential   expressions   of   FASN,   SCD,   and   FABP4   genes  in  the  ribeye  muscle  of omega-3  oil-supplemented  Tattykeel  Australian  White    BMC  Genomics.  2023;24(1):666. doi: 10.1186/s12864-023-09771-x
  20. Raza SHA, Khan S, Amjadi M, Abdelnour SA, Ohran H, Alanazi KM, Abd El-Hack ME, Taha AE, Khan R, Gong C, Schreurs NM, Zhao C, Wei D, Zan L. Genome-wide association studies reveal novel loci associated with carcass and body measures in beef cattle. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2020;694:108543. doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108543
  21. Romero JV, Olleta JL, Resconi VC, Santolaria P, del Mar Campo M. Genetic markers associated with beef quality: a review. Livest Sci. 2024;289: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2024.105583
  22. Safina NYu, Shakirov ShK, Zinnatova FF, Fattakhova ZF, Gaynutdinova ER, Shayakhmetova LN. Dynamics of dairy production of heifers of different genotypes of stearoylcoa desaturase (SCD1). Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences. 2018;9(6):2028-2031.
  23. Sasazaki S. Development of DNA markers for improvement of meat quality in a Japanese Black cattle population in Hyogo Prefecture. Anim Sci J. 2021;92(1):e13663. doi: 10.1111/asj.13663
  24. Sedykh TA, Kalashnikova LA, Dolmatova IYu, Gizatullin RS, Kosilov VI. Developing meat productivity in bull calves of different DGAT1 Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture. 2023;15(3):155-174. doi: 10.12731/2658-6649-2023-15-3-155-174
  25. Selionova MI, Plakhtyukova VR. Biochemical and histological indicators of blood and m. longissimus dorsi of young bulls of Kazakh white-headed breed of different genotypes by the CAPN1 and GH Theory and Practice of Meat Processing. 2020;5(2):20-25. doi: 10.21323/2414-438X-2020-5-2-20-25
  26. Sood V, Rodas-González A, Valente TS, Li C, Vinsky M, Lam S, López-Campos Ó, Segura J, Basarab J, Juárez M. Estimation of genetic parameters for primal tissue component traits in commercial crossbred beef cattle. Meat Sci. 2023a;202:109200. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2023.109200
  27. Sood V, Rodas-González A, Valente TS, Virtuoso MCS, Li C, Lam S, López-Campos Ó, Segura J, Basarab J, Juárez M. Genome-wide association study for primal cut lean traits in Canadian beef cattle. Meat Sci. 2023b;204:109274. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2023.109274
  28. Sycheva I, Latynina E, Mamedov A, Tsibizova O, Kozak Yu, Svistounov D, Bystrenina I, Orishev A. Effect of TG5 and LEP polymorphisms on the productivity, chemical composition, and fatty acid profile of meat from Simmental bulls. Veterinary World. 2023;16(8):1647-1654.
  29. Zalewska M, Puppel K, Sakowski T. Associations between gene polymorphisms and selected meat traits in cattle - A review. Anim Biosci. 2021;34(9):1425-1438. doi:10.5713/ab.20.0672
  30. Zhang LP, Gan QF, Hou GY, Gao HJ, Li JY, Xu SZ. Investigation of TG gene variants and their effects on growth, carcass composition, and meat quality traits in Chinese steers. Genet Mol Res. 2015;14(2):5320-6. doi: 10.4238/2015.May.22.2

 

Information about the authors:

Nikolay P Gerasimov, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher, Breeding and Genetic Center for Beef Cattle Breeds, Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 29, 9 Yanvarya St., Orenburg, 460000, tel.: 8-912-358-96-17.

Kinispay M Dzhulamanov, Dr. Sci. (Agriculture), Head of the Breeding and Genetic Center for Beef Cattle Breeds, Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 29, 9 Yanvarya St., Orenburg, 460000, tel.: 8(3532)30-81-74.

Bauyrzhan K Elemesov, postgraduate student of the Breeding and Genetic Center for Beef Cattle Breeds, Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 29, 9 Yanvarya St., 460000, Orenburg.

Al’bek K Sangakov, postgraduate student of the Breeding and Genetic Center for Beef Cattle Breeds, Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 29, 9 Yanvarya St., Orenburg, 460000.

Ivan M Dunin, Dr. Sci. (Agriculture), Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, head of the Scientific Direction "Selection, breeding of cattle and information support for cattle breeding" All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Breeding, village Lesnye Polyany, Lenin Str., 13, Moscow region, Pushkino, 141212, tel.: +7(495)515-95-57.

The article was submitted 12.12.2025; approved after reviewing 15.01.2026; accepted for publication 16.03.2026.

Download